Effect of Pre-Operative Education on Level of Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery

Objective: To determine the effects of pre- operative education on the level of anxiety in patients undergoing cataract surgery by comparing the anxiety level among interventional and control group. Study design: Experimental post-test design Patients and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at ophthalmic department of Mayo Hospital Lahore. A total of 100 cataract patients were selected from by purposive non- probability sampling technique and divided into two groups (control & interventional) by dividing the days. Data was analyzed by using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Result: Out of total 100 patients, 50 were included in control group and 50 were in interventional group. In control group there were 26(52%) male and 24(48%) females and in interventional group 25(50%) were male and 25(50%) were females. Among controls, there was no patient with normal score of anxiety level, 8 (16%) patients were with mild score, 38(76%) patients were with moderate score and 4(8%) patients were with severe score. In interventional group, there were 38(76%) patients with normal score, 11(22%) patients were with mild score, only 1(2%) patient was with moderate score and no patient was with severe score. Conclusion: A good relationship was found between preoperative education and reduction of anxiety level in patients undergoing cataract surgery

Classification and evaluation of digital forensic tools

Digital forensic tools (DFTs) are used to detect the authenticity of digital images. Different DFTs have been developed to detect the forgery like (i) forensic focused operating system, (ii) computer forensics, (iii) memory forensics, (iv) mobile device forensics, and (v) software forensics tools (SFTs). These tools are dedicated to detect the forged images depending on the type of the applications. Based on our review, we found that in literature of the DFTs less attention is given to the evaluation and analysis of the forensic tools. Among various DFTs, we choose SFTs because it is concerned with the detection of the forged digital images. Therefore,the purpose of this study is to classify the different DFTs and evaluate the software forensic tools (SFTs) based on the different features which are present in the SFTs. In our work, we evaluate the following five SFTs, i.e.,“FotoForensics”, “JPEGsnoop”, “Ghiro”, “Forensically”, and “Izitru”, based on different features so that new research directions can be identified for the development of the SFTs

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND JOB COMMITMENT: MEDITATIONAL ROLE OF JOB SATISFACTION AND JOB PERFORMANCE

The study focused on the meditational role of job satisfactionand job performance between EI and job commitment. A sample of 200 bank employees was collected from different banks in the Lahore district, age ranging from 30 to 59 year. Scale of Emotional Intelligence (Batool & Khalid, 2011), Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (Mowday, Steers & Poter ,1979), Job Satisfaction Survey (Spector, 1997) and Role Base Performance Scale (Welbroune, Johnson & Erez, 1998) were employed to collect the data. Baron and Kenny’s guideline (1986) was followed to run the mediational analysis.Results revealed that job satisfaction and job performance fullymediated the relationship between EI and job commitment.Implications of the study are also discussed

Invitro studies on some medicinal plant species of Western Himalaya

N

Primary Fibrosarcoma of the Liver: We Don't Know Much: A Case Report

A 60-year-old lady presented to us with a right upper abdominal mass. With a clinical diagnosis of liver tumor, she was evaluated with abdominal CT, MRI, nuclear scan, tumor markers, USG guided FNAC and other baseline investigations. On evaluation she had a massive right lobe tumor crossing the midline. In view of the ambiguous diagnosis she was subjected to laparotomy where the lesion was judged unresectable and a biopsy was taken. Histopathological examination showed the rare pathology of primary fibrosarcoma of the liver with features of homogeneous, spindle-shaped cells with abundant collagen fibers showing a classic herringbone pattern. Tissue samples were then sent to another referral cancer hospital for immunohistochemistry and immunoreactive vimentin was found in the tumor cells. Electron microscopically, the tumor cells were rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum without a basement membrane, and were surrounded by large amounts of collagen fibers. The fibroblastic character of the tumor cells was suggested by light and electron microscopy

دراسة فنية و تحليلية لرواية جرجي زيدان "عروس فرغانة": Analytical and Textual study of the novel Aroos-e-Farghana by Jurji Zaidan.

The article is about the novel “Aroos – e - Farghana by the famous Arabic Historical novelist Jurji Zaidan in which the craftsmanship   and analytical study of the novel has been analyzed. Themes and the characters of the novel have been described. The events of the novel are from the historic period of abasi Caliph Almotasimbillak.  The novelist has described all these events skillfully. Its dialogues are very simple and quite   according to the situation wherea its diction is very charming. In spite of belonging to christian   religion the writer has given the reasons from the Quran and Hadith which is remarkable. The most important   feature of the novel are similes, metaphor, pieces of poetry, proverbs and the natural scenery of Farghana are absolutely incredible and significant. The beauty of the novel lies in the writer's skill of blending the romantic and the real. The diction is quite impressive and fully charged. Metaphors, Similes and references have been used dexterous. Dialogues are charged with sublime emotion and, as such, touch the chords of the heart

پاکستانی اردو افسانے میں نسائی شعور: تقسیم ہند کے تناظر میں

The riots and migration which took place as a result of partition in 1947, came to the forefront as the core issues discussed in Pakistani Urdu fiction. And especially the human tragedies that trailed migration on both sides, not only attracted the attention of male fiction writers of Urdu but female Urdu writers also addressed these issues, rather they became the focal points in their stories. This article covers these varied and diverse experiences delineated in the female Urdu fiction writers’ stories.</p

دراسة فنية و تحليلية لرواية "يوسف بن تاشفين" لنسيم حجازي

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; This Article deals with&nbsp; a critical and Technical&nbsp; evaluation of&nbsp; Famous novel&nbsp; “Yusuf&nbsp; Bin Tashfin ” by historical Novelist Naseem Hijazi in Urdu literature . Yusuf&nbsp; Bin Tashfin is the hero of the novel&nbsp; according to the tital of the novel . This is the story of&nbsp; Yusuf Bin Tashfin , a Moravid King of&nbsp; Northern Africa, who ruled around 479 A.H. &nbsp;The Christian ruler of Castile, Alfonso VI, saw this as a window of opportunity and seized it. He started collecting taxes from the smaller Muslim kingdoms. Soon, the Muslim population was suffering from lack of daily necessities. Meanwhile, the rulers were indulging in every imaginable vice. In response to this injustice, a delegation from the suffering lands went to see Yusuf Bin Tashfin. This delegation included Ulema, philosophers, and prominent citizens. Yusuf could not ignore the plea of his brethren. After consulting his Ulema, Yusuf issued a public call to join his army for defending Spain from Alfonso VI. Since Yusuf had only five hundred ships for sending his troops of 16,000, they proceeded in stages, landing on the shores of Seville, which was governed by a Muslim ruler Mutamid. The troops were greeted with pomp and glory, and soon Yusuf began planning his attack. He did not partake in the extravagant feast laid out in his honour; instead, he prayed to Allah (swt) for victory. Together with their Spanish counterparts, the numbers of Yusuf’s army reached 20,000 only. On the hills of Zallaka, the armies faced each other. Being a true follower of Islam, Yusuf invited Alfonso to accept Islam as his religion or pay Jizya (a tax paid by non-Muslims in a Muslim state for granting them protection). The irony is that Alfonso refused and asked Yusuf to pay Jizya instead! Yusuf possessed a keen military mind. He hid the African troops on a hill behind the barricades and faced Alfonso with only three thousand soldiers. The plan was that when Alfonso’s troops would cut through the Muslim ranks, the reinforcements would charge down the hill, trapping the Christians in between. The plan worked and Alfonso was defeated. Thus, the Muslim rule in Spain was ensured for another four hundred years. In the&nbsp; Novel , Naseem Hijazi narrates the historical events , Unity of time and space . Dialogues in attractive and easy style

اردو افسانے کی دو نمائندہ انقلابی آوازیں

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mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} When we take a glimpse of the history of Urdu short story we came to know that this genre of Urdu literature became a very powerful tool of women writers who criticized the social standards of the male dominating society and produced stones revealing feminism. In this regard Dr. Rasheed Jahan of its early period and Ms. Zahida Hina of present ERA are impressive and exemplary writers. This dissertation covers the feministic approach of both these ladies who revolted against the set values of male chauvinism and demanded to recognize their identity. </p

بانو قدسیہ کے افسانوں کا فکری تنوع

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Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Bano Qudsia is such a great story-teller of the 20th century that she secured a distinguished place among the fiction writers of Urdu Literature after harmonizing her bold creative art with simple narrative and her main traits were her economic and social consciousness, psychological conspicuousness, unique notions about life and observation of the universe. The following article highlights the diverse reflective aspects of her fiction writing. I addition to this, this article brings to the limelight the personality of Bano Qudsia who is the product of a specific social setup and has the literary capabilities of her readers and it also depicts the feminist consciousness of the sub-continent.</p